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WEED WITH SOFT THORNS IN WEST TEXAS FULL
In this frantic condition they were confined, lest they should, in their folly, destroy themselves-though it was observed that all their actions were full of innocence and good nature. This being an early plant, was gather'd very young for a boil'd salad, by some of the soldiers sent thither to quell the rebellion of Bacon (1676) and some of them ate plentifully of it, the effect of which was a very pleasant comedy, for they turned natural fools upon it for several days: one would blow up a feather in the air another would dart straws at it with much fury and another, stark naked, was sitting up in a corner like a monkey, grinning and making mows at them a fourth would fondly kiss and paw his companions, and sneer in their faces with a countenance more antic than any in a Dutch droll. The James-Town Weed (which resembles the Thorny Apple of Peru, and I take to be the plant so call'd) is supposed to be one of the greatest coolers in the world. They spent 11 days in altered mental states: In the United States the plant is called "jimsonweed", or more rarely "Jamestown weed" deriving from the town of Jamestown, Virginia, where English soldiers consumed it while attempting to suppress Bacon's Rebellion. There is some evidence that Stramonium is originally from Greek στρύχνος "nightshade" and μανιακός "mad". The origin of Neo-Latin stramonium is unknown the name Stramonia was used in the 17th century for various Datura species. The genus name is derived from the plant's Hindi name, dhatūra, ultimately from Sanskrit dhattūra 'white thorn-apple'. At maturity, it splits into four chambers, each with dozens of small, black seeds. The egg-shaped seed capsule is 3 to 8 cm (1–3 in) in diameter and either covered with spines or bald. The flowers open at night, emitting a pleasant fragrance, and are fed upon by nocturnal moths. The corolla, which is folded and only partially open, is white, funnel-shaped, and has prominent ribs. The calyx is long and tubular, swollen at the bottom, and sharply angled, surmounted by five sharp teeth. The fragrant flowers have a pleasing odour are trumpet-shaped, white to creamy or violet, and 6 to 9 cm ( 2 + 1⁄ 2– 3 + 1⁄ 2 in) long and grow on short stems from either the axils of the leaves or the places where the branches fork. ĭatura stramonium generally flowers throughout the summer. The leaves have a bitter and nauseating taste, which is imparted to extracts of the herb, and remains even after the leaves have been dried. The upper surface of the leaves is a darker green, and the bottom is a light green. The leaves are about 8 to 20 cm (3–8 in) long, smooth, toothed, soft, and irregularly undulated. The stem forks off repeatedly into branches and each fork forms a leaf and a single, erect flower. The stem is stout, erect, leafy, smooth, and pale yellow-green to reddish purple in color. The root is long, thick, fibrous, and white. Mature (left) and immature (right) seed capsulesĭatura stramonium is an erect, annual, freely branching herb that forms a bush up to 60 to 150 cm (2 to 5 ft) tall. It contains tropane alkaloids which are responsible for the psychoactive effects, and may be severely toxic. It is unlikely ever to become a major drug of abuse owing to effects upon both mind and body frequently perceived subjectively as being highly unpleasant, giving rise to a state of profound and long-lasting disorientation or delirium ( anticholinergic syndrome) with a potentially fatal outcome. It has also been used as a hallucinogen (of the anticholinergic/ antimuscarinic, deliriant type), taken entheogenically to cause intense, sacred or occult visions. stramonium has frequently been employed in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. It is an aggressive invasive weed in temperate climates across the world.
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Its likely origin was in Central America, and it has been introduced in many world regions.
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Datura pseudostramonium Sieber ex Bernh.ĭatura stramonium, known by the common names thorn apple, jimsonweed ( jimson weed), devil's snare, or devil's trumpet, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae.